Observation Classes - General [November/December, 2016] Life Changes, Regrets, Opinion, Point of view & Exercises

Link: http://www.dailygood.org/story/648/the-pain-and-beauty-of-life-changes-leo-babauta/

Photo: http://www.servicespace.org/inc/ckfinder/userfiles/images/dgood/afraid-of-change.jpg

01. Life Changes

How do you deal...?

- move to another city

- decide to live alone

- start working

- have children

02. Exercises

02.1.

I don’t regret moving to another country.

I’m glad I moved to another country.

02.2.

It’s a good think she got a divorce.

She’s not sorry for getting a divorce.

02.3.

I’m sorry I didn’t cut for my father’s advice.

I wish I had asked for my father’s advice.

02.4.

She reggrets lying to her boyfriend.

She wishes she hadn’t lied to her boyfriend.

03.

- I regret...

- I don’t regret...

- I’m (not) sorry...

- I’m glad...

- It’s a good thing...

- I wish...

- If only...

04.

In my opinion...

From my point of view...

Extras:

- sparkling: espumante

- sparkling water: água tônica, água com gás

- still water: água parada

- tap water: água da torneira

- hose: mangueira

- pantyhose: meia calça

- party: partido

- potluck party: festa com guloseimas

- to break up: romper, dispersar

- to make up: compensar, constituir, inventar

- to regret: arrepender

Observation Classes - General [November/December, 2016] Up, Down, Alternative Medicine & Busy Day

Link: http://visihow.com/Do_the_Up_Down_Day_/_Alternate_day_fasting_diet_-_A_real_life_experiment

Photo: http://visihow.com/images/b/be/Up_down.png

01. page 90/number 05

01.1. I spoke to about/almost/exactly/just under/nearly 150 people.

01.2. All/Almost None/Half/Most/None of them were interested in buying from us.

02. Verbs with up/down that have na idiomatic meaning

(page 91/number 02)

- to break up: romper

- to close down: fechar

- to cut down on: cortar

- to end up: terminar

- to give up: desistir

- to set up: estabelecer/montar

- to take up: assumir

- to turn down: recusar

03. Alternatives

03.2. page 94/number 02

- an illness: an unhealthy condition of body or mind - doença

- symptoms: subjective evidence of disease or physical disturbance; broadly :  something that indicates the presence of bodily disorder - sintomas

- a treatment: the act or manner or an instance of treating someone or something -  tratamento

- a remedy: a medicine, application, or treatment that relieves or cures a disease - remédio

- effect: something that inevitably follows an antecedent (as a cause or agent) - efeitos

- side effects: a secondary and usually adverse effect (as of a drug) <toxic side effects> —called also side reaction – efeito colateral

- a medicine: the science and art dealing with the maintenance of health and the prevention, alleviation, or cure of disease - cura

- a placebo: a usually pharmacologically inert preparation prescribed more for the mental relief of the patient than for its actual effect on a disorder

03.3. page 94/number 03

- acupuncture

- antibiotics

- hypnosis

- massage

- painkillers

- physiotherapy

- surgery

- vaccinations

04. Busy day

- How do you manage your busy day?

- typical: típico, representativo, característico

- steriotypes: estereótipo

Extras:

Flattening: achatamento, nivelar

Fat: gordo

Fat meat: gordura da carne

Fabric: tecido, estrutura

Sailing: vela de navegação

Candle: vela

To claim: contextar

Thoroughly: seriously

Bakery: place

Baker’s: place

Baker: person

Survey: pesquisa

Poll: votação

Ballot: cédula, votação secreta

Urn: urna funerária

Blind: cego

Blinds: persianas

Curtain: cortina

Luncher: lançador

Snaker: cobra

Delivery: entrega

Baby delivery

Pastry shop: pastelaria

Cheaper = Inexpensive (AME)

Expensive

- Xterm: emulador de terminais leve e direto. Ele é usado como base para vários outros emuladores de terminais, como o Aterm.

- Term paper: trabalho de conclusão de curso

- Thesis: to Doctors

- Dissertation: to Masters

- Monograph

Observation Class 04 [November 12th, 2016] Describing, Phrasal Verbs, Duties and Chocolate

Link: http://www.betanews.com/2015/11/13/it-is-your-duty-to-use-an-ad-blocker-says-edward-snowden/

Foto: http://www.betanews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/duty_responsibility-600x400.jpg

[page 68 - exercises 02/05]
(01) I'd like to make a complaint about
I'm writing to express my dissatisfaction with
This is to inform you of
I think you should know about

(02) I would like
I expect

(03) I also suggest
I strongly recommend

(04) I hope that
I trust that
I expect

[page 68 - exercise 06]
06. Describing the incident/Describing what happened
06.1. The incident occurred when...
06.2. I'd been told that...
06.3. When I pointed this out...
06.4. I was appalled by...
06.5. I regret I didn't insit on...

Eg.:
to appal: assustar
appall: calamidade
appalled: consternado
appaling: assustador

06. Saying what you want
06.6. receive a formal apologize
06.7. receive an assurance that
06.8. take steps to ensure that
06.9. restore my confindence in

Eg.:
assurance: garantia, certeza
apologize: pedir desculpas
step: passo, fase, grau
confidence: confiança
testimony: testemunho, depoimento
witness: testemunha
eye-witness: testemunha ocular

[page 71 - exercise 05]
05.1. to pour into: despejar em
05.2. to print onto: imprimir para
05.3. to emerge from: emergir de
05.4. to pass through: atravessar
05.5. to pick up: pegar
05.6. to attaches to: atribuir a
05.7. to move along: seguir em frente
05.8. to cut off: corte "fora"

Eg.:
to go into: entrar
to turn over: cirar
to put into: colocar
to cut into: cortar
to put together: colocar junto
to hold together: manter junto
to drop into: cair em

INTO and ONTO: Ação em movimento

RESPONSABILITIES [page 72]
[page 73 - exercise 04]
04.1. The director is responsible for interpreting the screenplay.
04.2. It's up to the DP to make sure the team delivers what the director wants.
04.3. It's the camera operator's responsability to make sure the camera moves smoothly.
04.4. The focus puller's main task is to focus the camera.
04.5. The clapper loader's duties include loading film into the camera.

Eg.:
duty: dever. obrigação
duty-free: sem taxa
on duty: em serviço
chocolate: choco|liti|
cocoa: cacau
almond: amêndoa
brand: marca
filling: recheio

Observation Class 03 [November 05th, 2016] Regrets, Condicional, Describing & Extras (breeds, oath, coffee, hair, food)

Eg.01: REGRETS: arrependimentos

Imaginary Situation:
If the neighbours had seen the cat, they would have said something.

Imaginary Results of past actions in the present resuts:
If you had closed the windows, the cat would be here.

Let's remenber!

Special Post About 'Condicional'!!!

CLICK HERE!!!

Important: Comma position!
If I have money, I will buy a house.
I will buy a house If I have money.

MIXED CONDICIONAL
Situation in the past... consequences in the present.

If (verb in Past Perfect) + would (verb in Present).

If you hadn't had a class, you wouldn't be here today.

Exercise 01:
If I hadn't taken up English, ...
I might have missed last class if...
If I hadn't decided to buy a..., ...
I might be a (job) now if...

Exercise 02:
A: ...........................................
B: Why do you say so? / What makes you say that?

Eg.02: DESCRIBING
- tittle
- author
- plot
- setting
- characters

Eg.03: EXTRA VOCABULARY
- stray cat/stray dog: no pedigree
- Breeds of dog

Link: https://br.pinterest.com/pin/310255861799657309/

Photo: https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/564x/73/19/06/73190655ac314bceda90c45b17a9ee8a.jpg

- to take up: to start
- to peel: descanscar
- to oath: jurar

Link: http://www.federalobserver.com/2016/02/12/gaddy-swearing-an-oath-to-the-constitution-and-how-it-works-2/

Photo: http://www.federalobserver.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/oath.jpg

- people swearing at people:

Link: http://thespiritscience.net/2015/11/10/6-interesting-and-unexpected-benefits-of-swearing/

Photo: http://thespiritscience.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/2011-swearing-cursing-helpful.jpg

- coffee
-- coffee basket: filtro : eg.: melita
-- spoon: colher
-- savour: saborear, sabor, gosto
-- tablespoon: colher de sopa
-- to overflow: ttransbordar
-- to pour: derramar, fluir
-- reservoir: reservatório

- to slober: babar
- publishing house: editora
- publisher: editor

- hair
-- to trimmin: aparar
-- to dye hair: tingir
-- highlights hair: mechas, luzes
-- fringes: franja
-- mohican: moicano
-- spiky: espetado
-- top not: topete
-- forelock: look at the photo below

Link: http://www.hairfinder.com/haircollections6/aura3.htm

Photo: http://www.hairfinder.com/haircollections6/ad-peters-pixie.jpg

- bitter food: comida amarga

- sour food: comida azeda

- peaches in syrup

- lime x lemon:

Link: http://mcbimbimgles.blogspot.com.br/2016/02/qual-diferenca-lemon-x-lime.html

Photo: https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkQWrW7c25VjA-SPf2q7G9gxekTEt8Roul8pLlqpfdDGOingaSJ6rdZPQGQj8JaK4vFeTtYMIDVjyB79QUgz_hTL1WgNXyvm5zrxKiR3OMjuT3eRpYTtQNk5kLK-x6wrqcgK99zlGyGX8/s1600/lemon.jpg

- mixer: batedeira

- blender: liquidificador

- bather: banhista

- dough: massa

- oven: forno

- timer: temporizador

- to grease: engraxar

- flour: farinha

- branch: filial

- log: tora, tronco

- sleep like a log: look at the photo below

Link: http://squarelulu.blogspot.com.br/2013/06/expression-of-day-sleep-like-log.html

Photo: https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMs3kNJqqcLTYNUCfqeHq3q4jbbrFJDDpTBV5blOyBir0wHM1q5WWCuI1sKVxSk_6KY-8Svvlb4lvq99vGFRR_IhfwxwLkcyBJiuiWoHkkoJ248mED1WImmmbMjD7IT5r3N8x21UAF-T4/s1600/sleeping-like-a-log.jpg

Observation Class 01 [October 22nd, 2016] - Part 02 - Deductions

Photo: http://www.123rf.com/stock-photo/deduction.html

01. I'm sure it's not true!
- can't have
- couldn't have

02. It's possible!
- might have
- may have
- could have

03. It's very possible!
- may well have

04. I'm sure it's true!
- must have

[page 62]

Observation Class 01 [October 22nd, 2016] - Part 01 - Review [Talk Talk - It's My Life]

PART 01 - Review

Photo: http://www.uclu.org/articles/have-your-say-ucl-review

01.

He had been driving (drive) for hours when he finally saw Jane.

eg.1: to see - saw - seen - ver

eg.2: saw: serra/serrote

eg.3: Saw - Filme 'Jogos Mortais'

02. To Think

I don't think much of Thai Food. I mean, it's too spicy.

Eg.: to think (achar, pensar): quando quer dizer no sentido de acreditar ou ter uma opinião, NÃO se usa no ING.

Ex. I think my book is there.

No sentido de 'pensar a respeito' ou 'levar algo em consideração', USA-se com ING.

Ex. I’m thinking about going to that concert.

Exemplos retirados do site http://www.blogs.odiario.com/brunagusmao/.

03. Soak

You are soaked! Have you been walking (you/walk) in the rain?

Eg.1: Soak

to soak: absorver

soaked: encharcado

Eg.2: Rain

rainy day: dia chuvoso

rain storm: tempestade

drizzle: garoa/chuvisco

down pour: aguaceiro

04. Adjectives x Adverbs

- furiously: furiosamente (adv)

- friendly: amigável (adj)

- lovely: adorável (adv)

- usually: geralmente (adv)

- gradually: gradualmente (adv)

- deliberatelly: deliberadamente (adv)

- fast: veloz (adj/adv)

- hard: difícil (adj/adv)

Eg.1: I drive fast. - adv

Eg.2: I have a fast driver. - adj

Eg.3:

furry animals: animais peludos

hairy people: pessoas peludas

feathers: penas

fish scales: escamas

scales: balança

spine: coluna vertebral

fishbone: espinha/ossos do peixe

Eg.4: to fly a kite: soltar pipa

05.

I wouldn't mind going there.

That isn't what I wanted.

Would you mind opening the door?

Yes, I wuldn't.

No, I would.

06. Extra Vocabulary

- false teeth: dente postiço

- dentures: dentadura

- braces: aparelho dentário

- nail: unha

- nail polish: lixa de unha

- (nail) enamel: esmalte

- to rinse the hair: enxaguar

- scouring pad: esfregão

- toll: pedágio

- eye doctor

- optometrist

- gynecologist

October 01st, 2016 - Review

The test is divided in:

01. Questions to discuss

02. Narratives

03. Describing pictures

04. Reading a consensus

Fonte: http://www.yosearch.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/exam.jpg

Eg 01.:

(page 48/number 04)

(A) REPORTING A POINT OF VIEW

- The music cinpanies say that...

- As far as they're concerned, ...

- They'll tell you that...

- Many musicians will say that...

- A lot of people think that...

- What they say is that...

(B) ADDING AN ARGUMENTTO A POINT OF VIEW

- There's also the argument that...

(C) REPORTING AN OPOSITE POINT OF VIEW

- On the other hand, you have people who say that...

Eg 02.:

ABOUT 'TALENT'

(page 06/number 04)

> What does a manage need to have achieved in order to be considered successful?

> How can he/she get experience?

> What must he/she... ...?

- to set specific goals

- to get feedback

- to concentrate on results

- to possess talent

- to put in a lot of practise

- to build up experience

- to have the will interests

- to follow your interests

- to receive training

- to have high self-esteem

- ability to comprimise

- focused on

- effective communication

Eg 03.:

Talk about landmark in your city that people always visit:

> What is it?

> What does it look like?

> Do you know its history?

- I didn't know what to make of it...

- made a big impression

- erected

- part of the landscape

- baffled by

Eg 04.:

Talk about an object or gadget that you think is well-designed: (page 40)

> What the story is about...

> When it happened...

> What was the context before it happened (what was going on...)...

> Who was involved in the story...

> Where it happened...

Eg 05.:

Tell your partner about a moment when you forgot to say or do something.

What happened next?

> What the story is about and when it happened...

> What was the context before it happened (what was going on...)...

> Who was involved in the story...

> Where it happened...

Eg 06.:

Discuss to enter a consensus

> Consider all the possibilities you have, one by one;

> Think os possible Pros and Cons in each one;

> Try to reach the conclusion with your partner.

(page 44/number 02)

(A) EXPRESSING DISAGREEMENT

- Are you joking?

- I wouldn't exactly say...

- I'm not so sure about...

- Oh, come on!

(B) MAKING A CONCESSION

- I have to admit that...

- I see what you mean...

(C) MAKING A CONCESSION AND COUNTER-ARGUMENT

- It's true that... but..

- But even if that's the csase, ...

Observation Class 15 [September 24th, 2016] Agree, Disagree, Concession, Among, Between, Relationship, Crimes & Consequences

AGREE X DISAGREE
AGREE
I see your point!
Absolutally!

X

DISAGREE
That's not the whole picture!
It's not make sense!

EXPRESSING DISAGREEMENT
- Are you joking?
- I wouldn't exactly say
- I'm not so sure about
- Oh, come on.
- Are you serious?
- How can you say that?
- I wonder about that.

MAKING A CONCESSION
- I have to admit that
- I see what you mean.
- I'd go along with you there.
- Maybe you're right about that.


MAKING A CONCESSION AND COUNTER-ARGUMENT
- It's true that... but
- But even if that's the case,
- That may be so, but
- I take your point, but

AMONG X BETWEEN
AMONG
- Entre várias coisas, objetos, pessoas.
I'm among amazing people.

BETWEEN
- Entre duas coisas, objetos, pessoas.
I'm between Coca and Water to drink.

Eg.: amid = among = amongst

VOCABULARY - RELATIONSHIP
- marital status: estado civil
- single: solteiro
- engaged: envolvidos
- married: casados
- divorced: divorciados
- widow: viúva
- widower: viúvo
- engaged ring: anel de compromisso
- fiance ring: anel de noivado

Photo by: www.mentalhealthy.co.uk

VOCABULARY - CRIMES [pages 46-47]
- murder: assassinato
- to hack into: invadir
- to fly into a rage: ter um ataque de fúria
- rage: raiva
- sour: azedo
- flesh-and-blood crime: [?]
- accused of: acusado de
- arrested for: preso por
- suspected of: suspeito de

Eg.: suspected - suspicious

- sentenced to: sentenciado à
- crime: crime
- to fine: multar
- fine: multa, penalidade
- prison: prisão
- law: lei
- sentence: senença

EXTRA VOCABULARY
- to go along: ir junto
- to get along: se dar bem
- to wonder: imaginar
- to get across: atravessar
- to purchase: buy expensive things
- sublings: Brothers, sisters
- to pain attention to
- on duty: escala, plantão
- thorn: espinho, aflição, incômodo
- maple tree: árvore de bordo
- maple syrup: xarope de bordo
- cough syrup: xarope
- peach:pêssego
- peach in syrup: pêssego em calda
- commitments: compromisso
- handcuffs: algemas

- shackles: grilhões

CONSEQUENCES [page 47]
- I strongly believe we should punish web crimes or/or else people will think it's ok to commit them.

- I strongly believe we should punish web crimes. Then/That way, we'd be discouraging people.

- I strongly believe we should punish web crimes. Otherwise/If not we'd be ignoring a pretty serious issue.

Review & Extras Topics [Test] Complete, Rewrite and Verbs!

Photo: www.business2community.com

COMPLETE:
01. page 36/exercise 04
Mack: So, you're going to New York.Have you been to New York before?
Jane: No, it's my first time. What do you suggest?
Mack: Be sure to visit the Empire State  Building. It's well worth the visit.

02. page 40/exercises 01 and 02
Charles chair attacted a lot of attention because os the innovative design.
(a) aesthetic
(b) low-key
(c) innovative

03. page 42/exercise 04
Raphael: So, are we all agreed on the dates for the tests?
Larissa: Sorry, but I still don't agree with the date for the final test.

04. passive voice
Pelé is known (know) as the king of football all over the world.

05.
In Brazil, lots of children drop out of school before they turn twelve.

06. passive voice
The book 'The Lord of the Rings', written by J.R.R. Token, was transformed into a film in 2001.

07. [page 31/exercise 01]
When the statue appeared in the middle of the park, people were baffled by it.
(a) baffled
(b) unveiled
(c) warmed

Eg.: warmed to [page 37/exercise 01]

08.
The climax os New Year's celebration is the moment they set off the fireworks.

09. page 40/exercises 01 and 02
An essential characteristic of good design is to be unobtrusive.
(a) enormous
(b) jammed
(c) unobtrusive

10.
At Christmas time, shopping centers are jammed with people doing their shopping.

----- ----- ----- ----- -----

REWRITE:
01. page 36/exercise 04
When in London, you should visit the London Eye.

When in London, make sure you visit the London Eye.
or
When in London, be sure to visit the London Eye.

02.
There is a new shop on the corner which is really full of different toys.
There is a new shop on the corner which is really well stocked. (well)

03.
We can also postpone the celebration for the end of the month.
The other option is to postpone the celebration for the end of the month. (option)

04.
- It's one of the most useful gadgets ever made, and it's also really well designed.
- Not only is it one of the most useful gadgets ever made, but it's also really well designed.

05.
- I visited Buzios and Cabo Frio on my last vacation.
- Not only did I visit Buzios, but also Cabo Frio.

----- ----- ----- ----- -----

EXERCISES WITH VERBS:
01.
David has been living (live) en New York since he started (start) working for that company.

02.
One afternoon Terry was returning (return) home. He has been working (work) all day long and he was feeling / felt (feel) very tired. While he was walking (walk) he failed (fail) to notice that there was a pothole and he had (have) an accident. He stayed (stay) in hospital for a week.

Eg 1.: sempre que tiver 'while', a formação do verbo a seguir será com 'ing'
Eg 2.: pothole: armadilha, cilada

03.
Tina got really up set when the doctor arrived very late. She had been waiting (wait) for nearly two hours.

LET'S

REMEMBER!

[page 08/exercise 04]

Present Perfect [has/have + PP]

- ações não definidas.

- ações que aconteceram e continuam.

I've always been good with numbers.

I've done a couple of degrees.

I've recently passed my final enginnering exams.

Present Perfect Continuous/Progressive [have/has + been + ing]

- é usado, basicamente, para enfatizar a continuidade de uma ação que começou no passado e que se prolonga até o presente.

I've been sailing pretty consistently since I was nine.

I've been studying in the evenings so I'm quite tired.

[page 15/exercises 01 and 02]

Past Simple or Simple Past

- ter atenção com verbos regulares e irregulares.

Daniel paid many bills yesterday.

The pupil counted on his best friend.

Past Perfect Simple [had + PP]

- é usado para expressar uma ação que ocorreu no passado antes de uma outra ação ter ocorrido.

When I arrived, my mother had already made dinner.

I assumed it had spread through your whole office.

[page 17/exercise 01]

Past Progressive [was/were + ing]

- estava acontecendo em um determinado tempo.

Raphael Paiva was dancing there.

Larissa was travelling with her angel.

Past Perfect Progressive/Continuous [had + been + ing]

- É usado para enfatizar a repetição ou a duração de uma ação no passado anterior à outra ação também no passado.

When I got at the office, my boss had been making calls.

They had been shaving themselves.

----- ----- ----- ----- -----

EXTRAS:
01. That's not the whole picture. [page 07/exercise 03]
02. trouble: to go to the trouble of
03. designed by sbd
04. sign up for sth [page 37/exercise 03]
05. started to love since you were young: to grow up
06. everyone agrees on sth: we are all agreed on sth [page 42/exercise 04]
07. impression: make a big impression [page 26/exercise 04] [page 31/exercise 01]
08. know: sth/sbd is known as [passive voice]
09. sort things out: to organize or arrange things that are untidy
10. focused on [page 29/exercise 05]
11. convincing: persuasive [page 07/exercise 03]

12. [page 22/exercise 05]
I'm not doing it any way!
There is no way I'm doing it!

13. used to = would (past habits)
When I was young, I used to travel.
(...) I would travel (...)

14. to appeal: doesn't appeal to me = I don't like it. [page 22/exercise 05]
15. make: don't know what to make of it
16. be certain = be sute to = make sure sbd [page 36/exercise 04]
17. decide: make up my mind [page 22/exercise 05]
18. planned by sbd